Interventions
Discussion du World Nuclear Industry Status Report 2021 présenté par ses auteurs.
Introduction: Dr Benoît Pelopidas, CERI / Nuclear Knowledges
Mycle Schneider, Coordinateur et éditeur du WNISR - Résumé de la situation globale et point sur la France
M.V. Ramana, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, co-auteur du WNISR - Small Modular Reactors (SMR), en anglais
Thibault Laconde, Ingénieur conseil, Callendar, co-auteur du WNISR - Le nucléaire et la résilience climatique
Mathilde Le Moal, Criminologue, co-auteur du WNISR - Le nucléaire et l’énergie criminelle
Antony Froggatt, Chatham House, Londres, co-auteur du WNISR - Nuclear Power vs. Renewable Energy Deployment, en anglais
Speakers:
- Dr. Carol Cohn, Founding Director, Consortium on Gender, Security and Human Rights
- Dr. Benoît Pelopidas, Director, Nuclear Knowledges, Sciences Po
- Dr. Jayita Sarkar, Founding Director, Global Decolonization Initiative, Boston University
Moderator:
- Dr. Mariana Budjeryn, Research Associate, Project on Managing the Atom
Nuclear weapons and nuclear reactors are designed, built, deployed, and managed—with intention and purpose—by human beings embedded in and shaped by institutional, social, and political contexts. These contexts affect how people interpret and respond to the benefits and dangers of nuclear technologies. But whose interpretations and modes of reasoning count as authoritative, competent, and trustworthy—and whose are discounted or dismissed? How did the existing nuclear hierarchies of knowledge and practice come into being? What threats and opportunities are inherent in expanding and diversifying the intellectual, institutional, and regional engagements with the nuclear threat, and what are the barriers to such expansion? The panel brings together an international group of scholars to debate these questions from various vantage points: language, intellectual and institutional history, and colonial legacy.
Comme chaque année, le programme Nuclear Knowledges est heureux de vous inviter à la présentation et discussion du rapport annuel indépendant "World Nuclear Industry Status Report 2019", sur l'état de l'énergie nucléaire dans le monde, coordonné par Mycle Schneider.
Ce rapport offre un état des lieux de la production d'énergie dans le monde et de la part du nucléaire.
Le rapport de cette année :
https://www.worldnuclearreport.org/IMG/pdf/wnisr2019-v2-hr.pdf développe en particulier la question de l'usage de l'énergie nucléaire pour faire face au défi climatique.
Présidence et animation de la séance :
Benoit Pelopidas, Sciences Po-CERI, fondateur du programme Nuclear Knowledges
Intervenants :
Mycle Schneider, consultant indépendant, coordinateur du "World Nuclear Industry Status Report 2019"
Amory Lovins, co-fondateur du Rocky Mountain Institute - via Skype.
Télécharger le powerpoint de l'intervention
Discutants :
Nicolas Benvegnu, Sciences Po - Médialab.
Responsable scientifique : Benoit Pelopidas, Sciences Po-CERI
La guerre qui ne peut pas avoir lieu
Essai de métaphysique nucléaire
Jean-Pierre Dupuy
Nous sommes plus près d'une guerre nucléaire que nous ne l'avons jamais été pendant la Guerre froide, mais la plupart des gens sont aveugles à ce danger. Ils ont appris que les armes nucléaires ne servent qu'à une chose : empêcher que les autres les emploient. C'est ce qu'on appelle la dissuasion. Ils pensent aussi que ces armes sont trop destructrices pour qu'on soit tenté de les utiliser. Telles sont les illusions qui leur permettent de dormir tranquilles. Entre l'été 2017 et janvier 2018, nous avons plusieurs fois frôlé une guerre nucléaire que ses protagonistes, Donald Trump et Kim Jong Un, ne voulaient nullement, pas plus que ne la voulurent Kennedy et Khrouchtchev pendant la crise de Cuba.
Jean-Pierre Dupuy est professeur à l'Université Stanford.
Il est l'auteur de très nombreux ouvrages, parmi lesquels : L'Enfer des choses. René Girard et la logique de l'économie (avec Paul Dumouchel, 1979) ; La Panique (1991) ; Le Sacrifice et l'envie (1994) ; Pour un catastrophisme éclairé (2002) ; Petite métaphysique des tsunamis (2005) ; La Marque du sacré (2010) ; L'Avenir de l'économie (2012) ou La Jalousie. Une géométrie du désir (2016).
Discutants :
Benoît Pelopidas, Sciences Po-CERI
Nariman Shelekpayev, Sciences Po-CERI, Nuclear Knowledges
Responsable scientifique : Benoît Pelopidas, Sciences Po-CERI.
Dans le cadre du séminaire de Nuclear Knowledges - Chaire d’excellence en études de sécurité.
"The Courtroom of World Opinion": Bringing the International Audience into Nuclear Crises
Speaker:
Debak Das, PhD candidate, Cornell University
Abstract:
What role does the international audience play in moderating nuclear crises? Scholars of nuclear crises and deterrence have treated nuclear crises as dyadic interactions between two sides. However, states do not only interact with each other during a nuclear crisis. They also signal to a third actor – the international audience. Two related reasons explain this. First, states care about their international reputation and want to be perceived as a ‘good community member’. Second, there are material benefits to states maintaining a good reputation with the international audience, which possesses the leverage to condemn and sanction. States thus attempt to leverage this power of the international audience to apply diplomatic pressure on their adversary during nuclear crises. They also engage in costly signaling and strategic restraint to ensure that the international audience considers its actions legitimate during the crisis. Empirical evidence from the Kargil war (the only instance of a war fought between two nuclear states), the Cuban Missile Crisis, and the 1969 Ussuri Crisis between the Soviet Union and China support this conclusion. Incorporating the international audience as a critical third actor during nuclear crises has important academic and policy implications for the study of nuclear crises and their management.
Discussants:
Benoît Pelopidas, Sciences Po-CERI, Nuclear Knowledges
Thomas Lindemann, Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines et Ecole Polytechnique
Les présentations seront données en anglais, cependant les questions en français seront également les bienvenues.
Responsable scientifique : Benoît Pelopidas, Sciences Po-CERI.
Retrouvez les actualités de la Chaire sur Twitter : @NKnowledges
Le programme Nuclear Knowledges - Chaire d’excellence en études de sécurité, en partenariat avec l'IDDRI présente la première séance du séminaire mensuel de l'automne 2018.
World Nuclear Industry Status Report 2018: présentation publique et discussion
The Nuclear Knowledges program in collaboration with IDDRI, presents the first monthly seminar of the Fall 2018.
"World Nuclear Industry Status Report 2018: public presentation and discussion"
Présidence et animation de la séance: Benoit Pelopidas, Sciences Po-CERI, fondateur du programme Nuclear Knowledges
Intervenants :
Mycle Schneider, consultant indépendant, coordinateur du World Nuclear Industry Status Report 2018
Dr Phil Johnstone, Université du Sussex, co-auteur du chapitre sur les interdépendances entre les infrastructures du nucléaire civil et militaire.
La séance sera conduite en anglais mais les questions en français sont les bienvenues.
Responsable scientifique : Benoit Pelopidas, Sciences Po-CERI
Rapport en haute résolution: https://www.worldnuclearreport.org/IMG/pdf/20180902wnisr2018-hr.pdf
Faits marquants en Français: https://www.worldnuclearreport.org/IMG/pdf/resume_fr_2018_web.pdf
Benoît Pelopidas, Nuclear Knowledges : « Introduction »
Fabricio Mendes Fialho, postdoctoral research fellow, Nuclear Knowledges
Brian Rathbun (University of Southern California): « Greater Good, Lesser Evil?: Morality and Attitudes Towards the Use of Nuclear Weapons. »
Michal Smetana, Assistant professor, Peace Research Center, Prague (with Marek Vranka, on skype) « Moral Foundations of Nuclear and Chemical Weapons “Taboo” - Evidence from an Experimental Survey »
Fabricio Mendes Fialho, postdoctoral research fellow, Nuclear Knowledges : comments on the two papers and authors’ response
Benoît Pelopidas, Nuclear Knowledges : brief comments on the two papers
Brian Rathbun and Michal Smetana : replies to the discussants and Q&A
Voir le programme (en anglais)
Introduction:
Christine Musselin, directrice scientifique de Sciences Po
Dans le cadre du séminaire de Nuclear Knowledges - Chaire d’excellence en études de sécurité.
Why states choose nuclear restraint? An analysis of Sweden´s nuclear weapons plans during the cold war based on primary sources.
Why did Sweden choose, in the late 1960s, to abolish its long-standing nuclear weapons plans? A number of historical investigations have analyzed some aspects of this issue, particularly as it related to the public political debate in Sweden and the formulation of the Swedish defense doctrine in the postwar years. Taken together, these studies provide a far-from-complete picture of Sweden’s historical nuclear weapons plans. The main reason for this lack of a comprehensive picture has been the paucity of primary sources. Today, however, the end of the cold war and the declassification of large parts of the relevant documentary record, especially concerning the technical preparations for nuclear weapons production, have created the prerequisites for a more penetrating analysis.The purpose of this presentation is to summarize this research on Sweden’s plans to acquire nuclear weapons and discuss its bearing on theories of proliferation and non-proliferation.
The Key to Nuclear Restraint: The Swedish Plans to Acquire Nuclear Weapons During the Cold War
Thomas Jonter, Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016
For more information
Thomas Jonter is Director of Stockholm University Graduate School of International Studies, Sweden, and Professor of International Relations at the Department of Economic History. He has been visiting scholar at Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), Stanford University, and Cornell University. Professor Jonter is also chair of Swedish Pugwash and served as advisor to the Swedish delegation to the 2015 Review Conference to the Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, at the United Nations in New York.
Discutants:
Benoît Pelopidas, Sciences Po-CERI, titulaire de la chaire d'excellence en études de sécurité, Sciences Po.
Les présentations seront données en anglais, cependant les questions en français seront également les bienvenues.
Responsable scientifique : Benoît Pelopidas, Sciences Po-CERI.
Dans le cadre du séminaire de Nuclear Knowledges - Chaire d’excellence en études de sécurité.
Are nuclear arsenals safe from cyber-attack? Could terrorists launch a nuclear weapon through hacking? Are we standing at the edge of a major technological challenge to global nuclear order?
We are proud to welcome Andrew Futter whose ground-breaking book about the cyber threat to nuclear weapons will be published by Georgetown University Press.
Hacking the Bomb provides the first ever comprehensive assessment of this worrying and little-understood strategic development, and it explains how myriad new cyber challenges will impact the way that the world thinks about and manages the ultimate weapon. The book cuts through the hype surrounding the cyber phenomenon and provides a framework through which to understand and proactively address the implications of the emerging cyber-nuclear nexus. It does this by tracing the cyber challenge right across the nuclear weapons enterprise, explains the important differences between types of cyber threats, and unpacks how cyber capabilities will impact strategic thinking, nuclear balances, deterrence thinking, and crisis management. The book makes the case for restraint in the cyber realm when it comes to nuclear weapons given the considerable risks of commingling weapons of mass disruption with weapons of mass destruction, and argues against establishing a dangerous norm of "hacking the bomb."
Discutants:
Benoît Pelopidas, Sciences Po-CERI, titulaire de la chaire d'excellence en études de sécurité, Sciences Po.
Camille Roth, Professeur associé, Médialab, Sciences Po
Responsable scientifique : Benoît Pelopidas, Sciences Po-CERI.
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