This article is the final instalment in our series on the impact of digital transformation, this time focusing on the public sector. In this episode, Tommaso Balbo Di Vinadio—expert in digital transformation and agility, lecturer in Sciences Po Executive Education programmes and, in his own words, an “evangelist for a new way of working in the public sector”—shares his strategic vision for becoming an inspiring digital leader.

Embrace Transformation in its Entirety 

The word “transformation” originates from the Latin transformatio, meaning “metamorphosis”. This linguistic reminder underscores a crucial point: digital transformation in public administration is far more than a technical challenge. It requires a fundamental rethink of organisational operations and a shift in mindset. This can seem Kafkaesque in a sector often characterised by bureaucratic rigidity and limited digital skills—but it is essential. When approached purely from a technological perspective, digital initiatives frequently fail. Take the example of the US HealthCare.gov platform, which collapsed upon launch despite three years of planning and nearly $1 billion in investment.

Adopt an Agile Approach

Developing a systemic and strategic vision for digital deployment in public administration does not mean disregarding the successful methods used by start-ups. Avoid the trap of excessive long-term planning. Instead, embrace agility. Identify user needs, explore relevant technologies, test solutions, refine them based on user feedback, and adapt your strategy accordingly. Organisational flexibility and responsiveness are the best ways to develop solutions that align with the rapidly evolving technological landscape.

Leverage Data for Informed Decision-Making

Data is a valuable asset—but only for those who know how to analyse and use it wisely. Basic digital literacy, mastery of Open Data, a strong grasp of ethical considerations, and a commitment to data privacy are essential for designing public services that are effective, efficient, and aligned with citizen expectations.

Foster Collaborative Leadership

A 2022 study found that only 21% of employees worldwide feel engaged at work, resulting in economic losses estimated at $8.9 trillion—9% of global GDP. Public administrations are no exception. To boost engagement, clearly communicate the benefits of innovation and the risks of inaction, support digital upskilling, and adopt a more participatory leadership style that encourages collective intelligence and collaboration.

Prioritise Tailored Solutions Over Copy-Paste Approaches

Estonia’s fully digitalised public services are widely regarded as a benchmark (and are extensively studied in the certificate programme). However, its model is not easily replicable in emerging markets or African nations. The first step in any transformation project is to conduct a thorough assessment of a country’s digital maturity, leadership landscape, and organisational or cultural constraints. With this foundation in place, you can design a transformation strategy that enhances both public sector workflows and citizen satisfaction. Innovation can only be successfully managed when the journey and its obstacles are fully understood.

[1] Rapport 2022 de Gallup sur l'état du lieu de travail mondial 

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