Didier Tabuteau is a graduate of École Polytechnique (Class of 1981) and the École nationale d’administration (Class of 1984). Upon completing the ENA, he joined the State Council, first serving in the litigation section and later in the interior section, where he developed strong expertise in public affairs.

In 1992, he became Chief of Staff to the French Minister of Health and Humanitarian Action, before being appointed the following year General Director of the French National Agency for Medicines. In 1997, he joined the cabinet of the French Minister of Employment and Solidarity as Deputy Chief of Staff, and in 2000 became Adviser to the Minister and Chief of Staff to the Deputy Minister of Health. 

In 2003, he became General Director of the Caisses d’Épargne Foundation for Solidarity, where he worked to advance social policy and public health initiatives.
Alongside his public responsibilities, he has built a significant academic career. He earned a doctorate in law in 2007 which enabled him to become a research director, and has also co-directed the Health Law Institute at Université Paris Descartes. He served as Director of the Sciences Po Health Chair until 2018 and leads the Executive Master in Health and Public Policy Management at Sciences Po Executive Education.
 

He rejoined the State Council in 2011, first in the litigation section and then in the social section. In 2022, he was appointed Vice-President of the State Council, recognising an exceptional career dedicated to public service and public health.